Sometimes DR specialists start examining the drive from the wrong point that leads to unnecessary wasting of time or even to the situation when the drive becomes unrecoverable.
有時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)專家從開始就判斷錯(cuò)了，導(dǎo)致不必要的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)，甚至使硬盤成為不可恢復(fù)的情況。

We want to present to you our recommended procedure of basic examining of the hard drive.
我們想向您介紹我們推薦的硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器的基本檢查的過程。

We won’t go deep into specific features of different architectures today. This instruction is common for all the drives.
我們今天不會(huì)深入到不同體系結(jié)構(gòu)的特定功能。該指令適用于所有常見的硬盤。

At first we need to interrogate the owner of the drive and get as much information as possible about the drive.
首先，我們需要詢問硬盤的所有者，并獲取有關(guān)該驅(qū)動(dòng)器盡可能詳細(xì)的信息。

It is strongly not recommended to power up the drive and moreover connect it directly to the motherboard and run Windows OS before that.
強(qiáng)烈建議不要將驅(qū)動(dòng)器通電而且直接連接到主板和之前運(yùn)行Windows操作系統(tǒng)。

When Windows starts it can try to use its embedded software tools to recover the file system. Which can have very harmful consequences and can lead to make the drive completely unrecoverable.
當(dāng)Windows啟動(dòng)時(shí)，它可能嘗試使用其嵌入式軟件工具來恢復(fù)文件系統(tǒng)。它可能有非常有害的后果，并可能導(dǎo)致使驅(qū)動(dòng)器完全不可恢復(fù)。

Another possible scenario is when heads are stuck on platters and they can be torn off the arms when the drive is powered on. They can cause serious damage to the platter and destroy essential data.
另一種可能的情況是磁頭貼在盤片，當(dāng)變頻器上電就可能撕下磁頭臂。他們可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致盤片劃傷嚴(yán)重破壞和摧毀重要的數(shù)據(jù)。

Here is the checklist of the points we need to find out from the owner of the drive before any actions:
這是我們需要在操作之前，從該驅(qū)動(dòng)器的所有者找出下列答案：

1.How and when the problem appeared?
1.如何以及何時(shí)出現(xiàn)的問題？

2.What happened with the drive?
2.硬盤由于什么原因出現(xiàn)的問題？

3.Was it in another DR lab or was it assessed by another specialist?
3.它是否在另一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)室或另一位數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)工程員檢測或評(píng)估過？

4.What data is essential for the customer to recover(all the data, partition, folder, some files)?
4.哪些數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)客戶是至關(guān)重要的（所有的數(shù)據(jù)，分區(qū)，文件夾，有些文件）？

It is strongly not recommended to power on the drive is customer said it was dropped or drowned. Open the HDA first and observe the heads and platters if they are damaged, and clean them if necessary.
據(jù)客戶說它已被跌落或浸泡，強(qiáng)烈建議不要給驅(qū)動(dòng)器插上電源。首先打開硬盤并觀察磁頭，如果他們會(huì)損壞盤片，并在必要時(shí)進(jìn)行清潔或更換。

Ask about current behaviour of the drive:
檢測有關(guān)該驅(qū)動(dòng)器的當(dāng)前狀態(tài)：

1.Does it spin when powered-on?
1.通電時(shí)是否旋轉(zhuǎn)？

2.Does it make any unusual sounds(scratching sound, knocks/clicks, beeping, etc.)?
2.有沒有什么不尋常的聲音（刮的聲音，敲/點(diǎn)擊，蜂鳴等）？

3.Does it give the ID and capacity(correctly or not)?
3.它是否能識(shí)別ID和容量（正確與否）？

4.Does it give access to user data?
4.它是否能訪問用戶數(shù)據(jù)？

The next steps is a visual inspection of the drive.
接下來的步驟是驅(qū)動(dòng)器的目視檢查。

We can devide it into two parts. HDA and PCB inspection.
我們可以把它分成兩部分。 HDA和PCB檢查。

HDA:

Check the geometry of the HDA. It can be bent if the drive was dropped(usual for 2,5″ drives).
檢查在HDA的幾何形狀。如果驅(qū)動(dòng)器被跌落它可能彎曲(常見于2,5″硬盤).

Look at the corners and edges of the drive. There you can find dents or chips on the paint that can point that the drive was dropped or hit.
再看驅(qū)動(dòng)器的角落和邊緣。在這里你可以找到凹痕和芯片上，可以判斷該驅(qū)動(dòng)器跌落或撞擊。

Check the screws of the housing and the main label for toolmarks to find out if the drive was opened before. Some screws of the lid are usually covered by the sticker so if the lid was opened before you can see that it is damaged or absent. Carefully check the top label and see if it is torn off above the screws on top lid. That could be, somebody else worked on this drive before you.
檢查盤體和主標(biāo)簽的螺絲，工具痕跡，看看是否該驅(qū)動(dòng)器已打開之前。蓋子螺絲一些通常由標(biāo)簽覆蓋，如果蓋子被打開之前，你可以看到，它已損壞或缺失。仔細(xì)檢查頂部標(biāo)簽，看看它是否是上方頂蓋的螺絲撕去。這可能是，別人在你面前這個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)器上的工作過。

Before powering up the drive always try to shake the drive carefully from side to side and listen, if there are any moving parts bouncing inside the HDA. Powering on the drive in this situation is dangerous, because it may lead to platters scratching.
In the case when you can hear sounds of bouncing parts inside the drive it is better to estimate your skills and ask permission from drive owner for opening the drive’s lid and checking hard drive internal parts.
該驅(qū)動(dòng)器的通電時(shí)從側(cè)面仔細(xì)聽，如果有任何移動(dòng)部件的從HDA內(nèi)異響。這種情況下給驅(qū)動(dòng)器供電是危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)檫@可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致盤片劃傷。
在這種情況下，當(dāng)你可以聽到異響，為了更好地評(píng)估驅(qū)動(dòng)器,請(qǐng)求驅(qū)動(dòng)器的所有者允許打開驅(qū)動(dòng)器的蓋子，檢查硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器內(nèi)部零件和發(fā)出聲音的內(nèi)部部件。

PCB:

Detach the PCB and look it through for burnt elements, corrosion, chips on elements, toolmarks, flux/soldering traces, ROM IC(present or not), jumpers position, SATA/PATA/SAS port condition.
Pay special attention to the HSA(Heads Stack Assembly) connector pads. They are often become oxidized making the connection not reliable. It is recommended to clean them gently with soft eraser until they are glossy.

On this step you should identify the model, architecture and other special features of the drive.

Then connect the drive to PC-3000 and perform the first power-on check.
When we turn on the drive for the first time it is recommended to hold the drive gently and firm in one hand near your ear and carefully listen to the sounds and sense the vibrations the drive produces when starts. Get your another hand ready to turn off the drives power immediately of you hear any “bad” noises?(scratching, loud knocking, bouncing etc) or vibrations that are typical for heads sticking on the surface. In these cases you should turn off the drive and check the inside parts in a clean room.

If the drive looks good but does not not spin at all or can’t spin up to normal speed you should do electronics check:

• Spindle Motor windings (short, opening, disconnect);
• Fuses and TVS (Transient Voltage Suppression) diodes on power lines(+12V, +5V);
• Heads preamp;

There are just two spindle motor windings configurations:

You can easily check the resistance of the windings by multitester. You just need to measure the resistance between each pair of pads on?the motor power lines. ?All the windings must have the same resistance about 2-4 Ohms. If one of them have too big resistance (break) or zero resistance(short)?that means there is a windings problem. To recover such drive we need to transfer the platters?to the donor HDA.

Heads preamp in most cases can be burnt simultaneously with the PCB. So it is always a good idea to check it before trying ?to install a donor PCB on such drive (if the heads preamp has short circuit the donor PCB can be damaged).

Also we should keep in mind that there is one typical hardware issue with old Seagate Barracuda drives – spindle motor seizure. But nowadays it is quite rare problem.

If the drive is spinning continuously without any strange sounds we can proceed to the Software Diagnostics.

After pressing of Power button on the panel look at the Status Registers panel during the drives start how they behave.

Here are three the most typical?registers ?states:

When we see that DRD and DSC registers are on that means the drive is ready and waiting for?ATA commands form the computer. In most cases that means we can open an utility and continue diagnostics.

If the BSY register is ON?permanently that means the drive is performing some internal procedure. In the drive stays in “Busy” state for a long time that means it has some Service Area problems, or Heads problems or PCB problems.

If all registers half-dimmed and the PHY register is not on that means there is a connection problem. Check SATA/PATA cable, check jumpers position (they should be always set in “Master” position) and try to replace the PCB.

Start the specific utility for the drive and look at the log messages during the initialization. It can give alot of useful information.

Check the HDD ID. Is it present? Is it correct? Does it have correct capacity?

You can use the schematic diagram to understand the?software?diagnostics workflow.

STEP D1 – Drive powered-on correctly means that the drive is in Ready status and it shows Full HDD ID with correct capacity when we start the Universal utility.

STEP D2 – We can start Universal utility check the common information about the drive (such as Max LBA parameter status, S.M.A.R.T. parameters, Write buffer status, and HDD ID details)?and read User area sectors, for example run Express test. Please be attentive when performing this test. Don’t leave the drive unattended for a long time. If the drive has heads or surfaces problems the test?can be too stressful so?it get serious damages. ?If the drive can read?user data in most cases it’s better to start Data Extractor and read it before any long surface tests.

STEP D3 – If the drive has started successfully and has access to User area we can go to Data Extractor utility and create a new task. It is recommended to always create task with “Make Data copy”?option enabled and when the task is created build a heads map first (the specific utility must be started in a background to perform that). In such case we can?easily determine problems with the specific heads reading and surface problems.

STEPs S1-S4 are different for each specific drives arcitecture. They are performed in Specific Utilities (for each architecture)

When we work with Seagate or Samsung drives we always need to connect a USB-Terminal adaptor to see terminal output. Also it’s a good idea to check if you have terminal command access on the drive.

The further?actions are depend on drive type behavior and condition, browse the blog, forum and manuals for problem solving, or contact ACE Technical Support team.?Please attach all available information about the drive as well as logs and terminal outputs if they presented.

We will present examples of full examinations of different HDDs in another posts since it is specific for each manufacterer and architecture.

轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明：成都千喜數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)中心 » 硬盤數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)的基本診斷程序